Luis Egidio Meléndez, Spanish painter, 1716–1780
Francisco de Zurbarán, November 7, 1598 – August 27, 1664, was a Spanish painter born in Fuente de Cantos in Extremadura. He was apprenticed in Seville to Pedro Díaz de Villanueva and established an early workshop in Llerena before returning to Seville.
Zurbarán became closely associated with the city’s religious institutions and received major commissions from the Dominicans, Mercedarians, Franciscans, and Carthusians. He specialized in devotional paintings, monastic subjects, saints, portraits, and still lifes, using sharply defined forms and strong contrasts of light and shadow.
Zurbarán moved to Madrid during the 1650s and remained there until his death. His paintings are held in major collections including the Museo Nacional del Prado, National Gallery in London, Metropolitan Museum of Art, and Museum of Fine Arts of Seville.
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida, Spanish artist, February 27, 1863-August 10, 1923
El Greco, October 1, 1541 – April 7, 1614, was a Cretan-born painter, born Domenikos Theotokopoulos in Candia. He trained in the Byzantine icon-painting tradition before working in Venice and Rome.
Known in Spain as El Greco, he settled in Toledo in 1577 and received commissions for religious foundations. His paintings combine elements of his Cretan formation with Venetian color and Roman Mannerist forms.
El Greco remained in Toledo for the rest of his life and died there in 1614. His work is represented in collections including the Museo del Prado, the National Gallery of Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Art Institute of Chicago.
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, Spanish painter, December 31, 1618 – March 28, 1682