Adolph von Menzel, December 8, 1815–February 9, 1905, was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, and illustrator. Born in Breslau, he moved with his family to Berlin in 1830 and trained largely outside an academy while working in his father's lithographic workshop.

Menzel first gained wide recognition for his illustrations to Franz Kugler's history of Frederick the Great. He later painted Prussian history, modern urban life, interiors, landscapes, and industrial subjects, while producing thousands of drawings. Major collections of his work are held by the Nationalgalerie in Berlin, Hamburger Kunsthalle, the National Gallery, London, and other European and American museums.

He was ennobled in 1898 and thereafter used the name Adolph von Menzel. Menzel died in Berlin in 1905 and received a state funeral; his work remains central to accounts of nineteenth-century German art and Realism.